The Federal Highway Act of 1956 free essay sample

This paper talks about the job that the Federal Highway Act of 1956 played in assisting with figuring out what shape America would assume control in the course of the last 50% of the twentieth century. This paper looks at the biggest open works task of now is the right time, the Federal Highway Act of 1956. The paper takes a gander at the verifiable occasions that hinted at President Eisenhowers marking of the Act. It at that point proceeds to examine the positive effect that it would have on the U.S. economy, taking a gander at such themes as business, land advancement, travel, retail rivalry and lower purchaser costs and cargo costs. The paper at that point analyzes the negative effect the Act would have on the economy taking a gander at such territories as mass travel, mass movement, travel and air contamination. The last are that the paper manages is the social effect. The creator feels that dependent on their investigation of the Act, it had an on a very basic level positive effect in forming America in the course of recent years. We will compose a custom paper test on The Federal Highway Act of 1956 or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The development of this framework has furnished Americans with access to important land, which supported development and improvement of land including private, modern and business. Private properties made because of the interstate framework frequently comes as single-family homes. Everywhere throughout the nation local locations run close by interstate roadways. The framework has made an assortment of business advancement including side of the road organizations, for example, inns and eateries. The interstate framework additionally supported in the improvement of mechanical properties including atomic force plants.

Research Design Methods and Applications Academic Accountants

Question: Talk about the Research Design Methods and Applications for Academic Accountants? Answer: Presentation Leading an exploration on a scholarly subject or on any person is troublesome as it includes incredible endeavors to accumulate suitable information and present the examination in a fitting just as in a moral way. There are some normal moral issues to be considered by the specialists, for example, information insurance, deception and compelling investment of the respondents, by making any understanding or agreement. This specific research features the genuine instance of leading a dishonest research that will be summed up alongside recognizing the exploitative elements of the exploration and changes in the outcome saw. The second piece of the examination is to set an exploration theme and set a theory on the subject. Picking a case of Unethical Research In the wake of experiencing various cases and studies, a case of mental research has been decided to continue with this task. It has been seen that in this specific research the respondents were made to sign an agreement expressing that ebb and flow will be gone through them as electric stuns and an electric wire was associated with 30 switch comforts (www.sagepub.com, 2016). Research Summarization The exploration model taken for this task is the mental test directed on individuals by giving stun so as to test their cerebrum - power. The individual picked for the analysis experienced electrical stun meetings that expanded with each snap of the electric switches. In any case, the analysts said that due to pre-introduced adjustments in the machines the odds of damage are nearly less, yet may bring about transitory wounds (Hodge, 2012). The individuals showing up for the examination needed to peruse a few words and afterward needed to rehash these words while encountering the stun meetings. The stun levels were set apart in the parameters like slight stun to extreme stun and the experimenter continued expanding the stun levels and even denied to remove the individual from the meeting (Bailey, 2012). The experimenter coercively kept these people by expressing, It was obligatory to proceed with the trial to the end level. The test was named as Obedience Experiments and greater part of the respondents needed to consent in a specific way of stun level. In any case, the specialists appended with these investigations asserted that the motivation behind this examination was to infer several results: To see if individuals obeys position to the ideal level. To discover or rather to present moral factors in leading examination and assess the pondering relating morals with dutifulness and authority (Rosner Markowitz, 2012). Clarifying the unscrupulous variables This specific dutifulness test was directed quite a while in the past during the hour of World War by applying syphilis to test their physical capacity to withstand radiations brought about by nuclear bombs or some other radiations. The after consequence of this test was very frightening, as members needed to experience clinical tests to recuperate from the impacts (Bell, 2014). The unscrupulous issues of this investigation is that the respondents needed to confront life hazards in the event of any electrical mishaps as no prompt clinical offices were referenced to be available at the test spot. In spite of the fact that the respondents referenced the degree of stun that they need to confront, they were not saved on the off chance that they needed to move out from the test in the middle. Consequently, the dishonest issues were absence of security and regard for the respondents, advantage and defended on the grounds that the dangers were not genuinely disseminated among the respondent s (Bailey, 2014). Clarifying the adjustments in results The whole case features that dominant part of the grown-up respondents couldn't bear the stun level in spite of having a reasonable thought regarding it. The broadly useful was to test the acquiescence and quality of memory, which changed to wellbeing dangers (Nardi, 2015). Consequently, toward the end, the Department of Health and Human Services named this test as precluded and presented separate testing standards. Choosing the Research Topic The theme picked in regards to authoritative issue is Do you thing that contribution of universal style brands like Zara and Primark with Rana Plaza (Bangladesh) is an untrustworthy business practice? Speculation Setting H0: The business connection between Rana Plaza and worldwide brands like Zara and Primark is dishonest H1: The business connection between Rana Plaza and global brands like Zara and Primark isn't unscrupulous End The whole examination uncovers that it is the obligation of the specialists to guarantee wellbeing and security of the respondents and inevitably should exclude them into any analyses that may hazard lives of individuals even with trade of any resources. Indeed, even if there should arise an occurrence of directing any scholastic research, the analyst must do the exploration dependably and ought not damage any outcome or present the reaction got from the respondents. References Bailey, C. D. (2014). Psychopathy, Academic Accountants' Attitudes toward Unethical Research Practices, and Publication Success.The Accounting Review,90(4), 1307-1332. Bailey, N., (2012). Approach dependent on exploitative research.Poverty and Social Exclusion. Chime, J. (2014).Doing Your Research Project: A guide for first-time specialists. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). Morals in Research. (2016). Recovered 21 February 2016, from https://www.sagepub.com/destinations/default/records/upm-pairs/46055_Pages_from_Chambliss_(4e)_Chapter_3.pdf Hodge, F.S., (2012). No important conciliatory sentiment for American Indian unscrupulous research abuses.Ethics Behavior,22(6), pp.431-444. Nardi, P. M. (2015).Doing review look into. Routledge. Rosner, D., Markowitz, G. (2012). With the best goals: lead investigate and the test to open health.American diary of open health,102(11), e19-e33.

Norse Mythology in Modern Culture Essay

Amon Amarth is one of the most unmitigatedly Norse Mythological metal groups in presence. Truth be told, they are most likely the main band on the planet that is this intently attached to Norse Mythology. Everything from their collection names, to their tune titles, to the verses inserted in the terrible fierceness of their quick paced melodic guitar riffs, shouts Odin, Thor, Loki and the various divine beings and characters talked about in the adventures and stories went from age to age through both composed and vocal techniques. In evident adventure style, with the oral custom of the most antiquated foundations and people groups in the Nordic district, they sing the accounts of the Eddas and send recognition to the divine beings long after the hour of their superbness. The early on collection from Amon Amarth, entitled Sorrow Throughout the Nine Worlds, has a wide range of references to the divine beings Odin, Loki and Baldr all through the collection. One of the more clear references is from the tune â€Å"Sorrow Throughout the Nine Worlds†, which alludes to the widespread sobbing from the story Baldr’s Dreams in the Poetic Edda by Snorri Sturluson. In Baldr’s Dreams, Baldr, the second of Odin’s children, fantasies about biting the dust and the Aesir are so upset by this that they send Odin down to Hel to make sense of the importance of the fantasies. Along these lines, he is in certainty killed by the hand of his visually impaired sibling Hod, encouraged by Loki and the lance he formed out of mistletoe. Following the passing, Hermod goes on a mission to return Baldr to the domain of the living. He meets with Hel, little girl of Loki and leader of Niflheim, and, after much arguing, she makes an arrangement with him expr essing that just if â€Å"all things, living and dead, will sob for him†(Lindow), will he have the option to come back to the place that is known for the Aesir. The principal melody on the collection shares the collection title and spreads out Baldr’s Dreams in a cutting edge graceful manner that is likewise exceedingly substantial metal. The verses play out the fantasy and afterward the noteworthy of the offender, Loki, as follows: â€Å"Nightmares, evil presences frequent my provoked brain, I’m terrified, my death’s predicted ungloryful. It would be ideal if you Father cause my devils to vanish, kindly Mother, passing is everywhere.† †¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The fiendish power around us despite everything needs to obliterate me. Who is the underhanded slayer, I can't see? Loki, the tricky God, find the bolt of death. Pointed for the Hod the visually impaired by the envious Loki the bolt sliced through the skin and into the core of the brilliant one. Quietne ss spread all through the lobby Aesir as the God of Light tumbled to his knees kicking the bucket! Distress all through the nine universes the splendid God is gone, sent to Niflheim by the deceitful†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Dark Lyrics) When taking a gander at the first story and the verses, the association is horrendously self-evident. The resulting collections are entitled, Once Sent from the Golden Hall, The Avenger, The Crusher, Versus the World, Fate of Norns, With Odin On Our Side, Twilight of the Thunder God and Surtur Rising. When Sent from the Golden Hall is an indication to Valhall and the extraordinary corridors of the numerous Aesir. The Avenger, The Crusher and Twilight of the Thunder God are alluding to Thor who is usually known all through Norse Mythology and Nordic narratives as the divine force of thunder. Versus the World is about Ragnarok, the epic approaching fight between the universe of the Aesir and the universe of mammoths crashing to decide the eventual fate of the universe. Destiny of the Norns is clear as crystal. The Norns in Norse Mythology are the determiners of the destiny of everything in presence. With Odin on Our Side is another Ragnarok reference of sorts in that two or three tunes on the collection discuss battling on Odin’s side during the incredible fight to end record-br eaking. In conclusion, Surtur Rising is about the ascent of the mammoths directly before the beginning of Ragnarok. Surtur, or Sutr as it is spelled in the Eddas, is the last rival of Freyr during the skirmish of Ragnarok. He weilds his monster blade that has a sparkle so splendid that none can view it without a squint as depicted in both the Poetic Edda (Voluspa) and the Prose Edda (Gylfaginning). Not exclusively does Amon Amarth work superbly of handing-off the narratives from the Eddas and the Sagas as the relate to the divine beings, yet they additionally portray the entirety of the characters that go about as help to, and furthermore those made to estrange, the divine beings. Odin’s Ravens, Hugin and Munin, are referenced in the melody called â€Å"As Long As The Raven Flies† which says that the â€Å"sky has a place with Asagods as long as the raven flies†. (Dull Lyrics) â€Å"Risen From the Sea 2000† is about the Midgard Serpent expressing that when â€Å"He’s ascended from the ocean. The monsters of damnation are here. Come to lead the world. What's more, you will be in fire.† (Dark Lyrics) Skoll, the wolf interminably pursuing the sun until Ragnarok, when he is at long last ready to get and eat up it, is referenced in the melody, â€Å"†¦And Soon the World Will Cease to Be†, when it is stated, â€Å"Across the west ern sky he runs, a wolf so horrid and mean, eats up the unceasing sun, and soon the world will stop to be.†(Dark Lyrics) One last case of the consideration of the considerable number of components of the folklore is the intensity of Thor’s hammer, Mjollnir, which is alluded to and obtrusively referenced different occasions all through the entirety of the collections they have put out up right up 'til today. Adventitiously, the quantity of collections they have out so far happens to be nine. The number nine is a sacrosanct number in Norse Mythology and different legends around the globe. In Norse Mythology there are nine universes; Asgard, Alfheim, Vanaheim, Midgard, Jotenheim, Svartalfheim , Nidavellir, Muspelheim and Niflheim. Skadi, the â€Å"snow-shoe-god† and her better half Njord, leader of â€Å"the movement of the wind†(Lindow), would go through nine days in the mountains at her home and afterward go through nine days at his home by the ocean, proce eding with the nine pattern. In Ragnarok, Thor is battling the Midgard Serpent and as he is occupied with fight with the snake, he is struck by it. While he is kicking the bucket, he makes nine last strides before tumbling to his downfall. A last case of this obsession with nine, and maybe the most significant model, is the nine days that Odin spent swinging from Yggdrasil to pick up information and force. Amon Amarth’s melodious frenzy in â€Å"Thousand Years of Oppression† recounts to the narrative of Odin’s penance to himself as follows: â€Å"He held tight the desolate world tree whose roots nobody knows, for nine entire days he hung there pierced, by Gugnir, his lance. Swimming in torment, he looked into the profundities and shouted out in desolation. Connecting he got a handle on the runes before falling back from the void. He gave himself unto himself in a universe of shearing torment. Go that we as a whole may live our lives by the knowledge that he gai ned.† â€Å"The Fate of Norns† is a brilliant illustration of how the band additionally coordinates their own lives into the fantasies that they continually, and reliably, reference in the entirety of their music. This melody depicts a grieving of the passing of a child of just six years of age that was the main possibility of proceeding with the inheritance of the father’s name. In the tune the verses express that â€Å"the destiny of Norns anticipate all of us it is extremely unlikely to get away from the day to answer Odin’s call or stroll through Hel’s gate.† The Norns â€Å"established laws, they picked lives for the offspring of the individuals, destinies of men†, which means they were associated with the fortune of each man’s life, or demise as it might be. (Lindow) Ragnarok, the last hoorah for the universe of the Aesir and the divine beings themselves, is a tremendous effect on the melodic flavorings of one of the most incredibly fierce, but then melodically satisfying, metal groups in presence. Okay anticipate anything less? Hailing from Sweden, one of the metal capitals of the world, Amon Amarth is one of the most Norse fancifully slanted groups on the planet. They utilize Norse folklore in each part of their music and really encapsulate the picture of a cutting edge Viking. They plunder each phase that they favor with their essence and desolate the eardrums that their tunes contact. A live show from these folks takes you back to an increasingly basic time of mankind where the divine beings were produced using and of nature and there was as yet a supernatural quality in the central cores of the individuals. To finish up, Amon Amarth is glaringly Norse and they have the right to be perceived as one of the significant supporters of the proceed ing with enthusiasm for Norse folklore and love of the past legacy of an extraordinary area of the world. â€Å"The hold up is soon at end, consistently charge, never twist. Morning is here, make your stand. Live for respect, wonder, demise in fire!† Works Cited Dull Lyrics.â€Å"Amon Amarth Lyrics†. Metal Lyrics. http://www.darklyrics.com/an/amonamarth.html Larrington, Carolyne. The Poetic Edda. New York, New York: Oxford University Press 2008. Lindow, John. Norse Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs. New York, New York: Oxford University Press 2001. Sturluson, Snorri. Edda. North Clarendon, VT: Tuttle Publishing 1995.

The Central beliefs and Importance of the Learning Theory - 2200 Words

The Central beliefs and Importance of the Learning Theory (Essay Sample) Content: Reading Theories: Phonics Theory of LearningName:Institution Affiliation:DefinitionThere has been an immense movement in the previous few years by the way we show perusing in UK schools. Phonics has a major effect and helping numerous youngsters figure out how to read and spell (Allington, 2002). Phonics is prescribed as the principal system that children ought to be taught in helping them know how to peruse. It keeps running close by other showing strategies, for example, Guided Reading and Shared Reading to help youngsters build up the various crucial perusing aptitudes and ideally give them a genuine adoration for perusing. Words are made up of little units of sound called phonemes (Hatcher et al., 2004). Phonics instructs youngsters to have the capacity to listen precisely and recognize the phonemes that comprise every word. This study helps children to figure out how to peruse words and to spell words.Phonics is the arrangement of instructing perusing that expand s on the alphabetic rule, an arrangement of which a focal segment is the educating of correspondences between letters or gatherings of letters and their elocutions (Taft, 2006). They are taught GPCs, mixing and fragmenting. GPCs stands for grapheme-phoneme correspondences. This branch just implies they are taught every one of the phonemes in the English dialect and methods for recording them. The principal sounds to be taught are /s/, /a/, /t/ and /p/ which are taught in a specific request. Mixing, on the other hand, is where the youngsters are taught to have the capacity to mix. Mixing is when kids say the sounds that make up a word and can combine the sounds together until they can comprehend what the word is. This expertise is indispensable in figuring out how to peruse. Finally, fragmenting involves teaching the children how to portion. In this the inverse of mixing. Youngsters can say a word and afterward split it up into the phonemes that make it up. This expertise is basic in having the capacity to spell words (Werker et al., 2009).The central beliefs and importance of the theoryThe objective of phonics is to empower starting users to unravel newly composed words by articulating them, or phonically, combining the sound-spelling designs. Because it concentrates on what is spoken as well as the arranged units inside words, phonics is a sub-lexical approach and, subsequently, is frequently diverged from entire dialect, a word-level-up theory for showing perusing (Garen, 2002). Since the turn of the 1900s, phonics has been broadly utilized as a part of essential training and in teaching education all through the English-talking world. All the more particularly engineered phonics is presently the acknowledged technique for learning to peruse in the practice frameworks in the UK and Australia.There are four main beliefs in this theory; subjective perusing abilities (referring to the lexical as well as the sub-lexical personal procedures add to the way we figu re out how to peruse), sub-lexical perusing (includes showing perusing by partner items or gatherings of characters with phones or by utilizing phonics approach and instructing procedure. Some of the time contended to be in rivalry with entire dialect methods); lexical perusing (includes securing words or expressions without consideration regarding the items or gatherings of features that make them or through utilizing whole dialect training and educating philosophy. Once in a while contended as a rival to the theories and its strategies); spelling rules (orthography depends on the guidelines of alphabets. In a written work framework of alphabets, letters are utilized to bring out discourse phonemes or phones) (Torgerson et al., 2006). The spelling pattern for many dialects, for example, Spanish, is relatively alphabetically straightforward, and maybe too deep, in the view that there is a balanced correspondence in the middle of sounds and the letter designs that speak to them.Engli sh has retained numerous words from different dialects all through the history, generally without the spelling changes of those words. Accordingly, the composed variety of English incorporates the orthographical examples of numerous dialects (Classical Latin, Old English, Norman French, Old Norse as well as Greek, and also various present-day dialects) uperimposed upon one another (Nelson et al., 2008). What's more, the great shift of the vowel, a verifiable phonetic procedure that witnessed the nature of numerous vowels in English being changed while still being spelled the same way it seemed to be, enormously decreased the straightforwardness of English grammar especially in connection to articulation.The outcome is that the spelling designs English shift significantly to an extent that they take after guidelines. For instance, the alphabetic à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"eeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ quite often refers to/iË /, yet the sound can likewise be spoken to by i and y. So also, the group à ¢Ã ¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"oughà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ talks to/ÊŒf/ like in the word enough; /aÊÅ  / like in limb; /ÉË / like in the case of purchased, and/ÊŒp/as for the word hiccough, while in quagmire and laugh, the elocution differs (Hassaskhah, 2013). It worth remembering that, in any case, that the level of unwavering quality must be accomplished through developing some standards relatively outside the phonics space, which manages letter-phone reference, and into the morphological and morphophonemic areas.Principal authors and practitioners supporting the theoryPhonics advocates drove by Rudolph Flesh in his 1955 book Why Johnny Can't Read assaulted the entire word approach since it didn't get understudies into perusing youngsters' stories that did not have painstakingly controlled vocabularies (Ehri, 2004). Phonics advocates center their endeavors on the essential evaluations and accentuate the significance of understudies having the capacity to sound out (read) words taking into account how they are spelled.Phonics is viewed as a "bottom-up" methodology where understudies "decipher" the importance of content. The benefit of phonics, particularly for substitutes who get to schools with vast word power, is that once understudies get the nuts and bolts down, they can get into the library and look at a wide assortment of kids' writing (Cambourne, 2006).Entire dialect is a presently disputable way to deal with instructing perusing that depends on constructivist learning hypothesis and ethnographic investigations of understudies in classrooms. It is especially connected with the work of Ken and Yetta Goodman at the University of Arizona. With entire dialect, instructors are relied upon to give an education-rich environment to their understudies and to join talking, tuning in, perusing, and composing.Vygotsky distinguished a "zone of proximal" improvement where youngsters can learn new things that are somewhat over their present comprehension with the assist ance of more educated companions or grown-ups (Garen, 2002). This new information is fused into their current learning base.How the theory can be applied in teaching of English language in early yearsThe Ministry for Education, Science, and Training in 2004, set up a national unit to look into the Training of children in Australia. The Committees inspected how perusing is learnt in schools, and also the viability of instructor training programs in planning educators for perusing direction. The initial proposals of the Committee clarify the Unit's feeling the concerns to construct the instructing of perusing in light of proof and the significance of showing deliberate, unequivocal phonics inside an incorporated approach.The official rundown expresses, "The evidence is precise ... that ultimate methodical guideline in phonics amid the early seasons of educating is a crucial establishment for instructing youngsters to peruse (Werker et al., 2009). Discoveries from the examination proof show that all understudies learn best when instructors embrace an incorporated way to deal with perusing that unequivocally educates phonemic mindfulness, phonics, familiarity, vocabulary information, and understanding." The Committee additionally expresses that the obvious identification in the middle of phonics and the entire Lang...

President Lincoln And George Washington - 846 Words

Running a country requires patience, determination, and an enormous amount of leadership. Presidents devote countless hours of their time for the betterment of our nation. Because of this, presidents like Abraham Lincoln and George Washington who lead America through some of the toughest times, are deeply admired by people then and now. One president who rescued America out of its most desperate times stands out among many other of our nation s leaders. Franklin Delano Roosevelt had a difficult life that gave him the opportunity to see from the eyes of others who struggled, and use that to help them. Franklin Roosevelt grew up in luxury among millionaires of New York. He was born on January 30,1882 into a life of wealth and privilege on their 600 acre estate in Hyde Park, New York (â€Å"Franklin Delano Roosevelt†). His father was a Wall Street lawyer and his mother was a â€Å"society mom† who inherited money from her father (Judith S. Baughman, et al. â€Å"American Decades†). Roosevelt was homeschooled until the age of fourteen, when he continued his education at the elite Groton Prep School(â€Å"Franklin Delano Roosevelt†). Roosevelt lived a easy and fun childhood because of his wealth. Roosevelt’s early career created a path for his political and personal success in life. He graduated from harvard in 1904 with a Bachelor s Degree (â€Å"Contemporary Authors†). He then attended Columbia Law School in New York; although he never graduated, he passed the bar exam in 1907 and found work atShow MoreRelatedAbraham Lincoln Rhetorical Analysis988 Words   |  4 Pagesaccomplishing as president so they are able to unite the nation. America is an improbable idea that thrives due to determined leaders venturing for unity and stepping into a position of responsibility that entails making and executing tough decisions. A principal technique used in uniting a nation such as the United States is electing respected leaders. Abraham Lincoln and George Washington are respected leaders featured in the works that described their aims to unite the nation. Abraham Lincoln illustratedRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln813 Words   |  4 Pages you are going to learn a lot about five of the president that this country has had.The five presidents are Abraham. John Kennedy. Ronald Reagan George washignton Anytime before 1778 Lincolns dad wasn t born but, In 1778 Lincolns dad was born(Abraham,Lincoln). he was the 16th president and is on the penny. do you know him if not you will soon. he is Abraham Lincoln. he was born on febuary 12 in 1809. and in 1811 moved to a 230 acre farm in kentucky. and his brother tomas died in 1812. Three yearsRead MoreDinner Party with the Presidents Essay1021 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Lincoln, and George Washington. All three of the Presidents I would invite to my dinner party grew up in the South and I imagine they each enjoyed a hearty, rich meal. I would serve them Cuban-flavored pork shoulder with black beans and a spicy salsa topping including a few flavors they may not be used to including jalapenos and garlic. I would make homemade herb bread and serve a local brew and red wine. I know Lincoln would likely not drink, but I know Andrew Jackson and George WashingtonRead MoreWhat Is The Learning Goal You Have Identified For Your Students?926 Words   |  4 Pagesand facts of Lincoln and Washington, and brainstorm of what they would want to do as president. What state adopted academic or content standard(s) are you addressing? (Provide the name of the standards document, the grade level, the correct numerical citation, and the text of the standard(s) you select.) Mn K-12 Academic Standards Social Studies. 1st grade. 1.1.4.6.1. Identify the president of the United States; explain that voting determines who will be president. WhatRead MoreFreedom Is An Innate Right1407 Words   |  6 PagesAbraham Lincoln was a dynamic president of United States stating freedom by eliminating slavery throughout the country to get a nation free. In particularly the idea of Lincoln â€Å"all men are created equal† allowed him to argue, beyond the shadow of doubts, that slavery was wrong. Lincoln explore the thought on American Union, for him union was not just a structure to govern the national interest of American states but also represented consensus the future freedom in America. At last Lincoln signedRead MoreThe Ideal President1460 Words   |  6 PagesThe Ideal President We as humans tend to look for a leader to guide us. This leader has been present since the beginnings of time in the form of a dominating male. Times change and we no longer look for a dominating male, but for someone that can help us meet our needs and necessities. We no longer look at physical strength or dexterity to choose our leader; we look at their values and mental capacity. We look for a leader that has integrity, intelligence, morality, courage, competence, convictionRead MoreI’M Doing This Essay On Which Of The Presidents We Think1015 Words   |  5 PagesI’m doing this essay on which of the presidents we think are either the best or the worst. Some of the presidents that we think are the best are Abraham Lincoln, George Washington, John F. Kennedy, Teddy Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Lyndon B Johnson, Woodrow Wilson, Thomas Jefferson, Ronald Reagan. While some of the presidents I think are the worst are George W. Bush, Zac hary Taylor, Ulysses S. Grant, John Tyler, Millard Fillmore, William Henry Harrison, Franklin PierceRead MoreTimothy Webster : The New York1706 Words   |  7 Pagesof Liberty.†3 Abraham Lincoln had already won the election and was going to Washington, D.C. from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania through Baltimore to arrive and become inaugurated as the sixteenth president of the United States of America. Webster eavesdropped onto the conversation from the secessionist group who were conspiring a plot on how to assassinate the president-elect while changing trains from Baltimore to the train to Washington, D.C.4 Abraham Lincoln while Abraham Lincoln was changing trainsRead More Presidential Campaigns From George Washington to George Bush by Paul F. Boller Jr. 586 Words   |  3 PagesPresidential Campaigns From George Washington to George Bush Author: Paul F. Boller Jr. Publisher: Oxford University Press Date: 2004 Pages: 479 The Author Paul F. Boller, Jr. was born on December 31, 1916 in Spring Lake, New Jersey. He received a B.A. degree in 1939 and a Ph.D. in 1947, both from Yale University. He served as a Japanese translator for the U.S. Navy from 1942 through 1946 and then as a civilian analyst for the Office of Naval Intelligence in Washington, D.C. He taught history asRead MoreEvents and People that Shaped History Essay1108 Words   |  5 Pagesthere are so many that play a key role in how this country was founded, but the three different ones that will be covered in this paper are George Washington, the Revolutionary War, and finally the Civil War. One influential person that helped us found this nation was George Washington, Washington was born on February 22, 1732 in Virginia; he was the first President of the United States of America. Being commander-in-chief of the Continental Army is not really what he is known for but it is important

Groupthink - 1185 Words

On October 15, 1962, the United States viewed reconnaissance photographs of Cuba and discovered Soviet missiles which were under construction. The next day President John F. Kennedy was informed of the discovery and the President formed a group of twelve advisors to plan and handle the crisis. The advisors met for seven days to plan a strategy on how to handle the crisis and on October 22, 1962, President Kennedy revealed the crisis to the American public and of his decision to surround and blockade Cuba. President Kennedy also made the announcement that the Soviets would need to remove their missiles from Cuba and any missiles fired from Cuba would be considered a direct threat to and attack on the United States. President Kennedy†¦show more content†¦The next change was the change in group atmosphere. The sessions would be devoted to open and frank discussion and the usual rules of protocol were to be suspended (Janis, 1982). A formal agenda was not followed during the ses sions (Janis, 1982). Outside experts were invited to the sessions to give their views and were questioned about their conclusions (Janis, 1982). New advisors were brought in from time to time as visitors, and members of the group would ask these visitors for input during their discussions (Janis, 1982). The third change was the added meetings of subgroups. The Executive Committee was broken into two subgroups to facilitate critical thinking (Janis, 1982). The subgroups would meet separately to come up with a policy decision and would then come back together as one to debate and cross-examine each other’s decisions (Janis, 1982). The last change was the leaderless sessions. President Kennedy would deliberately be absent from the meetings, particularly in the beginning, to avoid influence on his advisors (Janis, 1982). When the President was absent from the meetings either Robert Kennedy or Secretary of State Dean Rusk would chair the meetings and were also instructed to not tr y to direct the group in decisions (Janis, 1982). TheShow MoreRelatedEffect Of Groupthink On Investing989 Words   |  4 PagesFinance 393 Professor Hocter 21 November 2016 Effect of Groupthink on Investing Groupthink is something that influences most things that people do on a daily basis. People use groupthink every single day to make decisions, to confirm their decisions, or even to compare to the decisions that they have already come to. Although groupthink has its distinct advantages in certain situations, there are without a doubt situations in which groupthink can be seen as a hindrance. How companies, and even individualsRead MoreGroupthink: Problem Solving and Groups Essay1742 Words   |  7 PagesGroupthink The Challenger space shuttle explosion. The Bay of Pigs invasion. The Korean War debacle (Janis 1-28). These are examples of situations where group communication failed. Group communication involves a shared identity among three or more people, a considerable amount of interaction among these people, and a high level of interdependence between everyone involved (Trenholm 196-97). It is essential to understand group dynamics for a variety of reasons. Everyone participates in groups throughoutRead MoreThe Concept Of Groupthink Was Brought On By Social Psychologist Irving Janis1480 Words   |  6 PagesJacqueline Gavrielova Professor Bernstein SSY 250 02/22/2016 Groupthink: Research Paper The concept of groupthink was brought on by social psychologist Irving Janis in 1972. Groupthink is when a group is required to make a decision, and under that pressure, unifies to make one that can appear as unanimous of that group. The fact that there is a necessity to come up with a solution or an organized decision makes it so some members of the group will simply go along with the view of the majority. TheRead MoreThe Nature Of Human Behavior1319 Words   |  6 Pagesbe more productive than if they were simply working on their lonesome, or that group work in general is always beneficial (Feist, Pool, Rosenberg Stamp, 2016, p. 534). Likewise, this has to do with presence of two phenomenon: social loafing and groupthink that, while not negating all the benefits of group work, clearly disprove the notion that it is always produces positive results both on the individual and the collective level. Social loafing, as defined in Psychology: Evaluating connections, aRead MoreOutline Janis Concept Of Goupthink 2069 Words   |  9 Pageswas the president’s leadership style. ESSAY Outline Janis’ concept of ‘groupthink’. Why, and in what circumstances, is it such a problem for organizations? â€Å"Organizations†¨ are internally structured groups that are located in complex networks of intergroup relations characterized by power, status, and prestige differentials† (Hogg Terry, 2009, p. 121). The ‘groupthink’ hypothesis was introduced by Irving Janis (1972) and provides an explanation for a particular formRead MoreThe Political Process Has Consumed My Time At Columbia Essay1927 Words   |  8 Pageswhat we consider very smart people, often make terrible decisions and how do we minimize these incidences. Janis defined this phenomenon of groupthink as,† the mode of thinking that persons engage in when concurrence-seeking becomes so dominant in a cohesive in-group that it tends to override realistic appraisal of alternative courses of action† (Groupthink 43). Janis found that in the Bay of Pigs and many other historical examples point to this phenomenon known as Group Think, which leads groupsRead More Groupthink Essay966 Words   |  4 Pages Groupthink nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;What is groupthink? There is a simple definition for it, but is it truly that simple? The term groupthink refers to the inclination of group members to have the same opinions and beliefs; it frequently leads to mistakes. It often occurs without an individual being aware of it. Conflict is considered to be a harmful element when related to groups, but conflict is good when considering groupthink because it helps to eliminate the existence of a groupthink.Read MoreEssay On Groupthink1262 Words   |  6 Pagesbefore you start.† A plane crash is bad enough; throw into the mix that the plane crash landed in a vast desert far away from anyone and anything. The team showed great cohesiveness in its ability to get through the groupthink and group shift behaviors. In this paper, groupthink and group shift behaviors will be discussed. This paper will cover points to show how through both behaviors the group will remain cohesive and put aside any individual n eeds and focus more on the needs of the group.Read MoreGroupthink Theory Essay3525 Words   |  15 PagesGROUPTHINK THEORY COMM410 As people, when confronted with a problem where a solution must be found, our ideal situation is to come up with the best possible one. To do this, we ideally gather the most knowledgeable, intelligent individuals into a group and attempt to derive the best solution to the problem. With the collection of these people, one would think that finding the best possible answer to the problem would be a rather simple task. However, what has happened in many situations isRead MoreThe Importance Of Groupthink In Education1767 Words   |  8 Pageslonger questions. This lifestyle of contentedness and stagnation has brought about one of the most dangerous media buzzwords of all time: groupthink. Loosely defined, groupthink occurs when individuals value beliefs held by a group they belong to over individual belief. The danger of this is clear - what happens when the group is wrong? Unfortunately, the groupthink generation does nothing. This group-thinking generation must’ve gotten this lackadaisical attitude from somewhere, and the place to blame

Marketing Fundamentals Business Strategy and Recommendations

Question: Describe about the Marketing Fundamentals for Business Strategy and Recommendations. Answer: Background Summary This report helps to know about Open Family Australia. It shows the organizations overview and service description, companys micro and macro environment, market segmentation, market targeting and consumer profile, differentiation and positioning. Open Family Australia is an organization that belongs to the part of youth service providers of Australia among non-profit sectors of the country. Open Family Australia observed that school dropout rate is increasing among Australian youth thereby rendering them jobless due to lack of skills and knowledge. The aim of the organisation is to help such individuals in Melbourne. Further, the organisation is affected by changing social trend of increased dropout and family issues and low economic status of certain groups that provide it with its customers. Moreover, stable political parties, government agencies and community help the organisation in its endeavors. The target market of the organization divided into two parts in the one part it con tain the poor youth and the another part of the target market consists of different excited youth between the age group of 18 to 35 years who are accountable for providing the service to the target customers. Further, the organization requires appropriate promotional strategy that will help in obtaining significant market share in this field. Moreover, the company seeks to position itself as the best service provider to the youth in Melbourne by building a distinct brand image among its target market. Further, it seeks to differentiate it services by adding a touch of sympathy, empathy and care to it for helping its clients. The purpose of this report is to highlight the role and aspects of integrated marketing mix in promotion strategy for Open Family Australia. Further, recommendations for promotional tools that can be used to establish the organisation as brand and create awareness among people about their services and ways to volunteer and donate for the organisation has been provided. Promotional Mix Integrated Marketing Communication refers to introduction of all the techniques of brand promotion to promote a specific products and services along with target customers. In integrated marketing communication, all aspects of marketing communication work mutually for improving sales of products and services (Blakeman, 2014). It is essential to know about customers perceptions about the companys product for the marketers (Chitty, Barker, Valos, and Shimp, 2011). Integrated Marketing communication tools include various methods for promoting a service such as advertising, direct marketing, sponsorship marketing, promoting through social media like Twitter, Facebook, etc. Integrated marketing communications includes coordination and integration of boulevard, communication tools and sources within the organization that minimizes the cost of services and maximizes the impact on customers (Yeshin, 2012). Promotion mix focuses mainly on the customers and ways to sell and deliver products and services to the customers. While,integrated marketing communication focuses on all the components of the marketing mix such as price, product, promotion and place. Integrated marketing communication play an important role to provide the proper information to large audience. Integrated marketing communication is essential for direct interaction with the customers. Moreover, it not only promotes the products and services but also develops trust among the customers who would always join. Integrated marketing communication provides a large variety of options, which assist the companies to connect easily with the target customers. It helps in creating awareness about the services with advertising and other tools of integrated marketing communication (Olenski, 2013). It is important for the growth of the organization and customer retention. Organizations understand the worth of strategically integrating the large communications functions rather than having them operate autonomously. Integrated marketing communication is one of the simplest ways for an organization to maximize the profits on its investment in promotion and marketing. IMC is considered as a key element of competitive advantage by various organizations because sales and profit are increased while saving the money, stress and time (Saeed et al., 2013). Recommended Promotion Tools and Elements Integrated marketing communication uses various tools that help to promote the product and service of organization that includes personal selling, advertising, direct marketing, sales promotion and sponsorship (Blakeman, 2014). Further, it includes various social media tools such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Snapchat, YouTube and many more. In the context of Open Family Australia NGO, promotional tools should be specific and cost saving as well as it should be fulfilling organizational objectives. It should use these promotional tools such as advertising, direct marketing, events and social media platforms because besides being cost effective, these promotional tools will provide better results to organization in terms of greater awareness and wider market reach. Advertising: Open Family Australia should use advertising to promote its services. Advertising refers to an organizational activity to promote the product and service. This organization can advertise its services by using some techniques that includes print media, official website and radio (Shimp and Andrews, 2012). These are specific tools for advertising the service of NGO. Open family Australia can use official website and print media that includes newspaper, posters and flyers. The organization can use official website to convey the message or information to public. It can upload photographs, videos and social events related information at the website. Website requires one time investment to build but it can be used as a cost-free advising too for the rest of its life. To attract maximum audience and increase greater awareness, the organization should used newspaper that can contain an article or advertisement about NGO, its services and volunteers contribution. All age group pe ople use newspapers that will help to attract large audience at low cost. Open family Australia can use posters and flyers for advertisement. Posters and flyers is an effective way to build awareness in public. It can contain a message or attractive tagline or some detailed information and message that can be easily distributed and display anywhere that includes all educational institutes, public transportation ways and stands and other public places (Farabi, 2012). It can attract large number of audience at low cost. These advertising tools helps in greater awareness and wider market reach. It provides information to audience at low cost. Therefore, Open Family Australia should use these advertising tools for promotion of NGO. Events: Open Family Australia should use event as a tool of integrated marketing communication to promote its services. Events refer to gathering of people to promote a product or service, convey a message and build the awareness among public (Vel and Sharma, 2010). The organization can organize various events for social welfare as well as they can share the social message with public. Organization can also tie up with small enterprises, educational institutes and other public places to conduct its events. The main objectives of organizing an event are to build awareness about social welfare. They can encourage the youth to work as volunteers and fill up application form at online or offline basis. At the time of event, volunteers can share their views, experiences and expectation from NGO with the audiences. Thus, audience can also ask some questions to them. It is a better way of share the views and experience with public. In the event, NGO can facilitate volunteers which will not only increase the morale of the one associated with the organisation, but also motivate others to join them. Therefore, it can be recommended that Open Family Australia should organize events that will help them to fulfill organizational as well as marketing objectives. Direct marketing: Direct marketing refers to directly communication with target audience using email, telephone and text message. This media helps to convey message to target audience as well as collect the customer data and feedback about the particular product and service provided by company (Percy, 2014). Open Family Australia can use direct marketing to promote the service and generate the awareness of people. They can directly inform large organization, political parties and government agencies via text message, telephone or emails for fund related help. Thus, Open Family Australia can raise the fund that can be used for social welfare and fulfill its objectives. Direct marketing will provide better result to Open Family Australia in terms of availing large donations for its welfare activities from corporate. Therefore, it should use this promotional tool. Social media: Currently, social media is an effective tool to convey information through social platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Snapchat, YouTube and many more (Koontz and Mon, 2014). It is the best way to promote services among target audience. Social media helps in build public relations, create new contacts and convey information to large audience. Social media use Open Family Australia should use social media to promote the service via social media tools. They can interact with large number of audience and provide information about social welfare. They can upload NGO related the photographs, social welfare moments and memories on social media platforms where audiences review, likes and comment can shows their participation and interest. Further the organization can create an official page that should contain all information and regular updates. They can use Twitter to share the information about social welfare with public. Open Family Australia should use YouTube for sharing the videos and documentaries related to experiences of its members and volunteers (Schaffer, 2013). These video can also contain the activities and achievement of NGO to communicate that their work is genuine and is benefitting the society. It helps to generate awareness of audience for social welfare. Open Family Australia is targeting youth and in the current scenario, t he youth of Australia is actively participating at social media therefore the organization can convey their message via social media. As well as it can suggest to youth for work as voluntaries. Social media will help Open Family Australia in creating greater awareness and wider market reach. Hence, organization should use this promotional tool as it is also cost effective. Conclusion Open Family Australia is working towards the welfare of the society of Australia. The increased school dropouts, jobless youth, family issues and social isolation caused by technology provides large scope for the organisation to provide its services to the troubled youth aged between 15-25 years, which is also its target market. Moreover, the company can seek help from educated youth and other government and business organisations to volunteer in providing services and donate for the welfare of socially troubled and underprivileged youth. For this, the organisation needs to position and establish itself as a brand and generate awareness among its target market (clients and volunteers/donors) regarding its services and benefits created. Further, it has been recommended that Open Family should use advertising, events, direct selling and social media platforms like Instagram, Facebook, You Tube, etc. as a part of its integrated marketing strategy to create awareness, increase the percentage of members and volunteer applications. The company can use events and direct marketing to develop public relations, gain instant feedbacks and gauge reaction of its target market. Advertisement through newspaper, flyers and radio will act as a cost effective methods to reach large segments of target market. On the contrary, social media platforms can be used for content marketing to share stories and to upload videos of members that will share their experiences and benefits. Moreover, the organisation can use increase in number of members, volunteers and donors as a measure to gauge the success of its marketing campaign. Additionally, number of likes, shares and comments on social media platforms can also represent the extent to which the organisations content is being read, liked and shared by its target audience. This will help Open Family Australia to measure the success of its communication plan. References Chitty, W. Barker, N. Valos, M. Shimp, T. (2011) Integrated Marketing Communications. 3rdedn. United States: Cengage Learning Blakeman, R. (2014) Integrated Marketing Communication:Creative Strategy from Idea to Implementation. 2nd edn Lanham: Rowman Littlefield Yeshin, T. (2012) Integrated Marketing Communication. London: Routledge Olenski, S. (2013) Why Integrated Marketing Communications Is More Important Than Ever, Forbes. [Online].Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/steveolenski/2013/09/16/why-integrated-marketing-communications-is-more-important-than-ever/#1c7d1e5d2325 (Assessed: 16 December 2016) Saeed, R. Naeem, B. Bilal, M. and Naz, U. (2013) Integrated Marketing Communication: A Review Paper, Integrated Marketing Communication: A Review Paper, 5(5), pp.124-133 Blakeman, R. (2014) Integrated Marketing Communication: Creative Strategy from Idea to Implementation. Lanham: Rowman Littlefield. Farabi, Y. (2012) Marketing Plan of Virgin Australia. Munich: GRIN Verlag. Koontz,C. and Mon, L. (2014) Marketing and Social Media: A Guide for Libraries, Archives, and Museums. Lanham: Rowman Littlefield. Percy, L. (2014) Strategic Integrated Marketing Communications. UK: Routledge. Shimp,T. A. and Andrews, J. C. (2012) Advertising Promotion and Other Aspects of Integrated Marketing Communications. Boston: Cengage Learning. Schaffer, N. (2013) Maximize Your Social: A One-Stop Guide to Building a Social Media Strategy for Marketing and Business Success. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons. Vel, P. and Sharme, R. (2010) Megamarketing an Event using Integrated Marketing communications, Event marketing, 11(6), pp. 1-21, [Online]. Available at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1340context=dubaipapers (Accessed: 16 December 2016). Vel, P. and Sharma, R. (2010) Mega marketing an Event using Integrated Marketing communications, Event marketing, 11(6), pp. 1-21, [Online]. Available at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1340context=dubaipapers (Accessed: 16 December 2016).